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Important Points To Remebers
- Life is defined as a unique complex organisation of molecules, which expresses itself by way of chemical reactions leading to growth, development, responsiveness, adaptation and reproduction.
- Growth is an important characteristic of all organisms; it is defined as the irreversible increase in the mass and or volume or size of an organism or its parts.
- The sum total of all the chemical reaction that takes place in a living cell / organisms, constitute its metabolism; the synthetic activities make up anabolism while the breakdown activities constitute catabolism.
- Reproduction is the process in which the living organisms produce yound ones (Progeny) of their own kind.
- Adaptation refers to any structural, physiological or behavioural characteristic of an organism, that enables the successful survival and reproduction of the organism in the given habitat.
- Homeostasis is the phenomenon of maintaining a steady internal environment by living organisms.
- Antagonism is the phenomemenon is which two reactions or movements of body parts occur in opposite directions.
- Death is a biological event that occurs with permanent breakdown of vital function of the body, mostly due to lack of oxygen.
- A biological system is said to be open, when it exchange matter and energy with its surroundings / environment.
- Systematics can be defined as the study of diversity of organisms and all their comparative and evolutionary relationships.
- Classification is that part of systematics, which groups the organisms on the basis of their relationships.
- Identification means assigning of organisms to a particular taxonomic group.
- Nomenclature refers to the assigning of names to organisms.
- Polynomial nomenclature refers to the system of naming an organism with a string of Latin words.
- Binomial nomenclature is the system of naming an organism with two parts in the scientific name.
- When three words are used in the scientific name of an organism, it is called Trinomial nomenclature.
- Taxonomy is defined as the study of principles and procedures of classification.
- Taxonomic hierarchy is the framework in which the taxonomic groups (called Taxa) are arranged is a definite order from higher to lower categories.
- A species can be defined as a group of individuals that have similar morphological characters and are able to interbreed among themselves in nature to produce fertile offsprings of their own kind.
- All those collections of actual live specimens or preserved specimens which help in the identification or verification of a species, are called taxonomic aids.
- Herbaria, botanical gardens, zoological parks, museums, monographs, flora, manuals, etc., are some taxonomic aids.
- A key is an analytical scheme for identification of organisms, based on their similar and dissimilar features.
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